Global warming is seriously challenging the agricultural sector all over the world making the correct and efficient use of natural resources (e.g. soil, water and biodiversity) a fundamental aspect to take into account to mitigate the economic loss linked to such climatic changes (Pandey, 2020). It is extremely important to develop new strategies in the field of agriculture against global climate change, which has started to affect the Mediterranean region negatively. The overarching goal of MEDPOME-STONE is to explore some pome and stone fruits biodiversity and to select genotypes with enhanced resilience to climate change to promote long-term breeding and more sustainable production in new biodiversity-based crop systems. The project proposes to use state-of-the-art methods to obtain the most detailed characterization of wild pear and almond genetic diversity in the Mediterranean area, identifying variants associated with desired rootstock traits to climate change resilience. By involving local farmers and stakeholders through a multi-actor approach, MEDPOME-STONE will valorize local knowledge and maximize the socioeconomic impact of its outcomes.